For a farmer, there is no asset more important than soil. The quality of your soil will determine the profit you make, even more so than the work you put in. When soil is damaged from overuse, farmers must put more effort into restoration, but it is possible to make your soil usable again. Read on to discover how.
Take Note of Human Activity
For the most part, soil is damaged by human activity. Most are results of agricultural practice, but much of the damage can be mitigated in advance. It is important to start by acknowledging the activities that cause the most damage.
Cover Crops
Cover crops are the most common way to restore the soil. Their role is to cover the soil in an additional protective layer, thus protecting it from the elements and from damage done by wet soil and other issues with hydration. Using cover crops can also provide an extra source of profit, as they can be sold on the market just like your main crops.
Organic Farming Techniques
Organic farming techniques carry two main benefits. They will restore your soil if damage has already occurred, and can prevent future damage as well. Organic techniques rely on using less chemicals on your farm, and paying special attention to composting.
Crop Rotation
Crop rotation is the most important principle of soil repair, and requires the most complicated work to achieve. The crops you plan to rotate should be changed on a regular basis, based on their effect on the soil. Crop rotation requires planning, as well as making sure your soil quality is checked regularly.
Bioagumentation
Bioaugmentation is the newest and most controversial item on our list. It is the process of improving the soil by using animals genetically modified for that purpose. These microorganisms are premade in labs, and can be purchased with the guidance of local scientists. Some believe it is wrong to genetically modify microorganisms for use in soil augmentation, while others believe it is best to use the latest innovations whenever possible.
Salinization
Salinization is the process of adding salt to the ground, thus making it lose some of its qualities. This happens when soil is overused, and not drained properly. The reverse process is called desalinization, improving a salt soil. There are a few ways to do this, many of which are simple and inexpensive to accomplish. Other methods include improving drainage systems, but that is not a small job to undertake.
Conclusion
Farmers must care for the soil they work, as it is their most important asset. The methods of soil care are often long and complicated, and farmers must take into consideration their financial situation as well as environmental concerns.